Molecules for inducing differentiation of dendritic cells

ABSTRACT

The present invention is related to compounds having general formula Z-OC(CR n1 R n2 )—CO-Z wherein Z=OH or NH 2  and n1=n2=1 to 8, for modulation of immune response by differentiation dendritic cells consisting novel class of amino acid derivatives (sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of naturally occurring amino acids, and their amides) of the general formula ZOC—CR 3 R 4 —CR 2 (NHR 1 )—COOH, ZOC—CR 5 R 6 —CR 3 R 4 —C(NHR 2 )—COOH, ZOC—CR 7 R 8 —CR 5 R 6 —CR 3 R 4 —CR 1 (NHR 2 )—COOH wherein Z=OH or NH 2 ; R 1  to R 8  denotes H, SO 3 H, or OSO 3 H. In addition, the dicarboxylic acids and their amides ZOC—(CH 2 ) n —CR 1 R 2 —COOH, where Z=OH or NH 2 ; and n=1, 2, 3. The groups R 1 /R 2 =H/SO 3 H or OSO 3 H or CH 2 —SO 3 H or CH 2 —OSO 3 H and vice versa. The factors also contain different divalent metal cations such as Mg, Ca and Zn. The composition consists of varying amounts of the above amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives or their pharmaceutically acceptable alkali/alkaline earth metal salts or their salts, the processes for the preparation of the aforesaid compounds useful for the differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/512,183, filed Oct. 20, 2003, whose contents are incorporated by reference. This application is also related to U.S. application Ser. No. ______, filed Dec. 30, 2003, entitled “Method and Composition for Treating Osteoporosis”. This application is also related to U.S. application Ser. No. ______, filed Dec. 31, 2003, entitled “Method of Inducing Differentiation of Dendritic Cells”.

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention relates to compounds general formula Z-OC(CR_(n1)R_(n2))—CO-Z wherein Z=OH or NH₂ and n1=n2=1 to 8, for modulation of immune response by differentiation of dendritic cells containing novel class of amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH.

BACKGROUND AND PRIOR ART REFERENCES

Indian green mussels (Perna viridis) are the cheap source of proteins and considered as a delicacy. Extract prepared from green mussels by enzyme-acid hydrolysis process showed various biological activities. In our earlier patent (US patent application #20030044470) we have shown the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and activation in the crude extract. In same continuation, attempts have been made to purify the active compound that showed inhibition of osteoclast differentiation and activation. The purification of the crude extract was done using HPLC, gel filtration and TLC methods. The purified compound was again checked for the above activity. The compound was characterized using NMR and LC-MS/MS techniques. This compound was synthesized and checked for the presence of the above biological activity. This patent in particular describes the synthesis of the compound and also its activity for inhibition of osteoclast formation.

Novel class of amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives (sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of naturally occurring amino acids and their amides) along with calcium is for their activation to show inhibition of the dendritic cells. Amino acid derivatives and calcium ion when used separately did not show any activity on differentiation of dendritic cells. The following classes of compounds are identified.

-   -   (1) Natural acidic amino acids (Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid and         their amides),     -   (2) Unnatural amino acids, amides such as homoglutamic acid,     -   (3) Dicarboxylic acids such as succinic acid, glutaric acid, and         adipic acid     -   (4) N-sulfonyl, C-sulfonyl/sulfate derivatives of the above         acids     -   (5) Alkali and alkaline earth metals such as Na, K, Mg, Zn and         Ca as their suitable salts.

A number of molecules are known to induce the differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells from precursors. Some of the recent ones are listed below:

-   -   1. The most studied is differentiation of DCs with GM-CSF which         is the conventional method to generate DCs from bone marrow. The         DCs obtained in this manner are immature in nature.     -   2. Maturation of DCs is normally obtained by stimulating the         immature DCs with Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-□). Recently         TNF-□ has been shown to induce the differentiation of DCs from         monocytes.     -   3. CD40 ligand (CD40l) that is normally expressed on T cells         also induces the maturation of DCs. An alternative for CD40l is         the use of commercially available anti-CD40 monoclonal antibody.     -   4. Stimulation with the extracellular endotoxin,         Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli is also a common         method to mature DCs     -   5. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) a cardiovascular hormone         secreted mainly by the cardiac atria regulates the         volume-pressure homeostasis. The action of ANP is mediated by         its receptor, guanylyl cyclase-coupled receptor A (GC-A) and has         recently been shown to induce the maturation of DCs by         increasing cytokine secretion and increases in various cell         surface molecule expression.     -   6. The imidazoquinoline compounds imiquimod and R-848 are         low-molecular-weight anti-viral compounds that are immune         response modifiers and induce the synthesis of interferon-alpha         and other cytokines in a variety of cell types. These compounds         have potent anti-viral and anti-tumor properties and have         recently been shown to induce the activation of macrophages and         splenocytes and induce the maturation of Dendritic cells.     -   7. Stimulation of Flt3 receptor tyrosine kinase through its         cognate ligand expands early hematopoietic progenitor and         Dendritic cells (DCs) in humans and mice.     -   8. Prostaglandin E2, found at high concentrations under the skin         has been shown to facilitate initiation of skin immune responses         by promoting the migration and maturation of Langerhans cells, a         DC subtype found under the epidermis and in the dermis of the         skin.     -   9. Fermented mistletoe extract often used for adjuvant treatment         of cancer patients, significantly stimulated the maturation of         pre-differentiated immature DC, as evidenced by a heightened         expression of CD83. Like the positive control TNF-alpha, the         mistletoe extract significantly activated CD80 and CD86 as well         as HLA class I and II molecules on these cells.     -   10. Lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) is a major lipid component of         oxidized low density lipoprotein with reported pro-inflammatory         activities. It is now reported that LPC acts through G         protein-coupled receptors on differentiating monocytes to         generate mature dendritic cells with the ability to stimulate         IL-2 and IFN-gamma production by allogeneic T lymphocytes.

OBJECTIVE OF INVENTION

The objective of the invention relates to compounds compounds general formula Z-OC(CR_(n1)R_(n2))—CO-Z wherein Z=OH or NH₂ and n1=n2=1 to 8. for modulation of immune response by differentiation dendritic cells containing novel class of amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives (sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of naturally occurring amino acids and their amides). Compounds for induction of differentiation of dendritic cells containing novel class of amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives of the general formula ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein Z=OH or NH₂; R₁, to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H. wherein all the symbols are the same meaning as hereinafter defined and non-toxic salts thereof as an active ingredient.

Another objective of the present invention relates to a method for modulation of immune response controlled by differentiating dendricts cells.

Another objective of the present invention relates to use of compound in vaccine formulation or in protection based studies to promote more efficient and faster presentation of the antigens to T-cell thereby initiative primary protective Th1 immune response and help in clearance in pathogens.

Another objective of the present invention relates to novel compound useful in vaccination, cancer therapy and other immunomodulatory regiments.

The further objective of the present invention relates to administration a pharmaceutical acceptable amount of a compound optionally with an additive, excipient, diluents or carrier for modulation of immune response.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention is related to compounds compounds general formula Z-OC(CR_(n1)R_(n2))—CO-Z wherein Z=OH or NH₂ and n1=n2=1 to 8. for modulation of immune response by differentiation for induction of differentiation of dendritic cells containing novel class of amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives (sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of naturally occurring amino acids and their amides). More particularly, this invention is related to:

-   -   1) Compounds for induction of differentiation of dendritic cells         containing novel class of amino acid/dicarboxylic acid         derivatives of the general formula ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH,         ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH         wherein Z=OH or NH₂; R₁, to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H,         CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H.         -   wherein all the symbols are the same meaning as hereinafter             defined and non-toxic salts thereof as an active ingredient,     -   2) The compounds inducing differentiation of dendritic cells         also contain different divalent metal cations such as Mg, Ca and         Zn, wherein all the symbols are the same meaning as hereinafter         defined and non-toxic salts thereof as an active ingredient,     -   3) The composition consists of varying amounts of the above         amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives and their         pharmaceutically acceptable selected alkali/alkaline earth metal         salts, wherein all the symbols are the same meaning as         hereinafter defined and non-toxic salts thereof as an active         ingredient,     -   4) The process for the preparation of the aforesaid compounds,         useful in inducing differentiation of dendritic cells.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is relates to a compound of general formula Z-OC(C R_(n1)R_(n2))—CO-Z wherein Z=OH or NH₂ and n1=n2=1 to 8.

Yet another embodiments of a present invention relates to a compound having a structure as shown below and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₄ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H.

Yet another embodiments of a present invention relates to a compound having a structure as shown below and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁ to R₆ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H.

Yet another embodiments of a present invention relates to a compound having a structure as shown below and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁ to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H.

Yet another embodiments of a present invention relates to a compound formula (Ia), wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], -   II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], -   V. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], -   VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], -   X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], -   XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, -   XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXXVI. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], -   XXXVII. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   XXXVIII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   XXXIX. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid].

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound formula (Ib) wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   II. 2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   V. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   VI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   VIII. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   IX. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   X. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XII. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIII. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XV. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXVI. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXVIII. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIX. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXX. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXI. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXV. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVI. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVII. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXVIII. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIX. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound formula (Ic) wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of

-   I. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   II. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   III. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   IV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   V. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], -   IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], -   XIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XVI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], -   XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], -   XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and -   XXXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound Novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₄ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H

-   -   I. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   II. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   III. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂—R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   IV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   V. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   VI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   VII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   VIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   IX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   X. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   XI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   XVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same         meaning as is wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   XIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the         same meaning asis before defined;     -   XXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₆ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H

-   -   I. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   II. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   III. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   IV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   V. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   VI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   VII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   VIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   IX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   X. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=P6=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R-6=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIII. A compound, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound Novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH as claimed in claim 4, wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H

-   -   I. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   II. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=—CH₂SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   III. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   IV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   V. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   VI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NHSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   VII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   VIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   IX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   X. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₇=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₇=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₈=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₈=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XL. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₇=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XLI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₇=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XLII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁==R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₈=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XLIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₈=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], -   II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], -   V. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], -   VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], -   X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], -   XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, -   XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXXVI. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], -   XXXVII. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   XXXVIII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   XXXIX. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid].

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   II. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   V. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   VI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   VIII. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   IX. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   X. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XII. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIII. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XV. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIV. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXVI. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXVIII. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIX. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXX. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXI. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXV. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVI. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVII. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXVIII. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIX. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   II. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   III. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   IV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   V. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], -   IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], -   XIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XVI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], -   XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], -   XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and -   XXXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound said compound is selected from the group consisting of aspartic acid, asparagine and corresponding de-amino analogs:

-   I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], -   II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], -   V. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], -   VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], -   X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], -   XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, -   XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound said compound is selected from the group consisting of glutamic acid, glutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs:

-   I. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   II. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], -   V. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   VI. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   VII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   IX. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   X. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   XIII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XV. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   XVII. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XVIII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XIX. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXIV. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXV. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVIII. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXXV. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVI. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXXVII. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVIII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIX. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XL. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XLI. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of homoglutamic acid, homoglutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs:

-   I. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   II. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   IV. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   V. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], -   XIV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   XV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   XVI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], -   XVIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXIV. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXXV. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], -   XXXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and -   XXXVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].

Still another embodiment of the present invention relates to a process for preparing L-glutamyl N-sulfonic acid from glutamic acid mono tertiary butyl ester comprising the steps of:

-   -   a) adding L-glutamyl acid mono tertiary butyl ester portion wise         to a solution of SO₂Cl₂ in dry CH₂Cl₂ at 0° C.) and Et₃N (3 eq.)         to obtain a solution,     -   b) stirring the solution for a time period in the range of 5 to         10 hrs at room temperature unless thin layer chromatography         (TLC) shows complete consumption of starting material and         evaporating the solvent present in TLC and crude is drying in         vaccum,     -   c) adding water to dried crude and stirring the slurry for a         time period in the range of 0.5 to 3 hr,     -   d) adding 45 ml CH₂Cl₂ and 3 equivalent of TFA at 0° C. to the         solution and stirring for 24 hrs     -   e) evaporating the solvent and drying in vacuum to obtain the         product L-glutamyl, N-sulfonic acid.

A further embodiment of the present invention relates to for preparing L-glutamyl, N-sulfonic acid from glutamyl acid di tertiary butyl ester comprising the steps of:

-   -   a. adding L-aspartic acid di tertiary butyl ester portion wise         to a solution of SO₂Cl₂ in dry CH₂Cl₂ at 0° C.) and Et₃N (3 eq.)         to obtain a solution,     -   b. stirring the solution for a time period in the range of 5 to         10 hrs at room temperature unless thin layer chromatography         shows complete consumption of starting material evaporating the         solvent present in TLC and crude is drying in vaccum,     -   c. adding water to dried crude and stirring the slurry for a         time period in the range of 0.5 to 3 hr,     -   d. adding 45 ml CH₂Cl₂ and 3 equivalent of TFA at 0° C. to the         solution and stirring for 24 hrs     -   e. evaporating the solvent and drying in vacuum to obtain the         product L-aspartyl, N-sulfonic acid.

A further embodiment of the present invention relates to a process for preparing L-Aspartyl, N-sulfonic acid from L-aspartic acid di tertiary butyl ester comprising the steps of:

-   -   a. adding L-aspartic acid di tertiary butyl ester portion wise         to a solution of SO₂Cl₂ in dry CH₂Cl₂ at 0° C.) and Et₃N (3 eq.)         to obtain a solution,     -   b. stirring the solution for a time period in the range of 5 to         10 hrs at room temperature unless thin layer chromatography         shows complete consumption of starting material evaporating the         solvent and drying the crude in vacuum,     -   c. adding water to dried crude and stirring the slurry for a         time period in the range of 0.5 to 3 hr,     -   d. adding 45 ml CH₂Cl₂ and 3 equivalent of TFA at 0° C. to the         solution and stirring for 24 hrs     -   e. evaporating the solvent and drying in vacuum to obtain the         product L-aspartyl, N-sulfonic acid.

A Further another embodiment of the present invention relates to process for preparing L-Homoglutamyl, N-sulfonic acid from L-Homoglutamic acid di tertiary butyl ester comprising the steps of:

-   -   a. adding L-Homoglutamic acid di tertiary butyl ester         portion-wise to a solution of SO₂Cl₂ in dry CH₂Cl₂ at 0° C. and         Et₃N,     -   b. stirring the solution for 8 hrs at r.t. till TLC showed         complete consumption of starting material evaporating the         solvent and drying the crude in vacuum,     -   c. adding water to it to obtain a slurry which is stirred for 1         hr,     -   d. adding to the slurry 45 ml CH₂Cl₂ followed by 3 eq of TFA at         0° C. and stirring the resulting solution for 24 hrs,     -   e. evaporating and drying the solution in vacuum to obtain the         product L-homoglutamyl, N-sulfonic acid.

A further embodiment of the present invention relates to a Pharmaceutical composition comprising the effective amount of a compound selected from the general formula Z-OC(CR_(n1)R_(n2))—CO-Z wherein Z=OH or NH₂ and n1=n2=1 to 8 along with an additive, excipient, diluents or carrier.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to said composition useful in vaccine formulation to prevent more efficient and faster presentation of antigens to T-cells thereby initiate primary protective Th1 immune response and help in the clearance of the pathogen.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to said composition having a structure as herein and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₄ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates, wherein said compound having a structure as herein and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁ to R₆ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates said compound having structure as herein and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁ to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to said compound in non-toxic to monocytes.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates said compound in non-toxic to macrophages.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates additives are different divalent metal cations such as Mg, Ca and Zn.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention wherein, additives are amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable selected alkali/alkaline earth metal salts.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], -   II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], -   V. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], -   VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], -   X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], -   XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, -   XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXXVI. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], -   XXXVII. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   XXXVIII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   XXXIX. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid].

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   II. 2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   V. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   VI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   VIII. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   IX. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   X. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XII. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIII. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XV. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXVI. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXVIII. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIX. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXX. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXI. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXV. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVI. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVII. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXVIII. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIX. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of

-   I. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   II. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   III. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   IV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   V. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], -   IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], -   XIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XVI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], -   XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], -   XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and -   XXXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₄ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H

-   -   I. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   II. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   III. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   IV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   V. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   VI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   VII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   VIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   IX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   X. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   XI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   XVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   XIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   XX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same         meaning as is before defined;     -   XVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₆ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H

-   -   I. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   II. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   III. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   IV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   V. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   VI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   VII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   VIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   IX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   X. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R&=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=SO₃H is the         same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=Rr=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H

-   -   I. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   II. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=—CH₂SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   III. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   IV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   V. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   VI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=&=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   VII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   VIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   IX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=SO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   X. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=OSO₃H is         the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XV. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XVIII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XIX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₇=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XX. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₇=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXI. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₈=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXII. A compound wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₈=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H,         R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=SO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=OSO₃H         is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXV. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXVI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXVII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXVIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XXXIX. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XL. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₇=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XLI. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₇=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XLII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₈=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;     -   XLIII. A compound wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂,         R₈=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined.

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], -   II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], -   V. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], -   VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], -   X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], -   XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, -   XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXXVI. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], -   XXXVII. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   XXXVIII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   XXXIX. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid].

Yet another embodiment of the present invention relates to a composition, wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   II. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   V. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   VI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   VIII. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   IX. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   X. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XII. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIII. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XV. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXVI. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXVIII. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIX. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXX. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXI. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXIV. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XXXV. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXIX. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of:

-   I. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   II. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   III. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   IV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   V. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], -   IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], -   XIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XVI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], -   XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], -   XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and -   XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of aspartic acid, asparagine and corresponding de-amino analogs:

-   I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], -   II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], -   V. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], -   VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], -   IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], -   X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], -   XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, -   XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], -   XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate].

Yet another embodiment of the present invention, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of glutamic acid, glutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs:

-   I. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   II. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   IV. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], -   V. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   VI. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], -   VII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], -   VIII. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   IX. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   X. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], -   XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XII. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   XIII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XIV. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XV. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XVI. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   XVII. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XVIII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   XIX. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXI. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXII. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXIII. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXIV. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], -   XXV. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXVII. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVIII. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXXIII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIV. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXXV. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVI. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXXVII. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXXVIII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXXIX. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   XL. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   XLI. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate].

Still another embodiment of the present invention, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of homoglutamic acid, homoglutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs:

-   I. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], -   II. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   III. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   IV. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], -   V. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], -   VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], -   VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], -   X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], -   XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], -   XIV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   XV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], -   XVI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], -   XVII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], -   XVIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XIX. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XX. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], -   XXIV. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXV. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], -   XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], -   XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], -   XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], -   XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], -   XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], -   XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], -   XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], -   XXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], -   XXXV. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], -   XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], -   XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and -   XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].

Still another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound incubation of BM leukocyte precursors with different concentrations of the synthetic compound increases the cell surface densities of CD11c, CD80, CD54 and CD11c to various levels with maximum up regulation at 200 mM.

Still further another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound it gives the fold increase in the levels of molecules of cells stimulated with either 15 ng/ml of GM-CSF or 200 mM of the synthetic compound at 48 h of incubation.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound wherein the viability of the cultures is more than 99% at the end of the incubation period at this concentration of the synthetic compound.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound useful for inhibition of mononuclear TRAP-positive osteoclasts.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound useful for inhibition of fusion of mononuclear cells into multinuclear osteoclasts.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound useful for inhibition of bone resorption.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound has non-toxic to monocytes.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound has non-toxic to macrophages.

Further embodiment of a present invention relates to a method for inhibition of osteoclast formation comprising the step of administering a pharmaceutically acceptable amount of a compound to a subject in need thereof optionally with an additive, excipient, diluent or carrier.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a method wherein dosage the compound is 5 to 10 mg/kg body weight.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a method wherein the period of administration is 25-30 days.

Further embodiment of a present invention relates to a method for inhibition of mononuclear TRAP-positive osteoclasts comprising the step of administering a pharmaceutically acceptable amount of a compound subject in need thereof optionally with an additive, excipient, diluent or carrier.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a method wherein dosage of the compound is 5 to 10 mg/kg body weight.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a method wherein the period of administration is 25-30 days.

Further embodiment of a present invention relates to a method for inhibition of multinuclear TRAP-positive osteoclasts comprising the step of administering a pharmaceutically acceptable amount of a compound to a subject in need thereof optionally with an additive, excipient, diluent or carrier.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a method wherein the dosage of the compound is 5 to 10 mg/kg body weight.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a method wherein the period of administration is 5 to 30 days.

Still further embodiment of a present invention relates to a method for modulation of immune response controlled by differentiation of dendricts cells comprising the step of administration a pharmaceutical acceptable amount of a compound to a subject in need thereof optionally with an additive, excipient, diluents or carrier.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound useful to induce differentiation of dendritic cells and modulation of immune response controlled by dendritic cell.

Yet another embodiment of a present invention relates to a compound useful in vaccine formulation to prevent more efficicent and faster presentation of antigens to T-cells thereby initiate primary protective Th1 immune response and help in the clearance of the pathogen. The compounds for differentiation of dendritic cells also contained different divalent metal ions such as Mg, Ca and Zn. The composition consisted of varying amounts of the above acid amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Non toxic salts of the present invention are contained all pharmaceutically acceptable salts, for example, general salts, acid addition salt, hydrate salts.

The compounds of the formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic) of the present invention may be converted into the corresponding salts. Non toxic and water soluble salts are preferable. Suitable salts for example are as follows:

-   -   Salts of alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca etc)     -   Ammonium Salts     -   Salts of pharmaceutically acceptable organic amines (tetramethyl         ammonium, triethyl amine, methyl amine, cyclopentyl amine,         benzylamine, phenethylamine, piperidine, monoethanolamine,         diethanolamine, tris(hydroxymethyl)amine, lysine, arginine,         N-methyl glucamine, etc.         a) a process for the preparation of sulfonic acid/sulfate         derivatives of the formula (Ia) (Ib) (Ic) and non-toxic salts         thereof:         b) a process for the preparation of sulfonic acid/sulfate         derivatives of the formula and non-toxic salts thereof:         c) a process for the preparation of sulfonic acid/sulfate         derivatives of the formula) and non-toxic salts thereof:         d) In the compound of the present invention of the formula (Ia)         wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of         aspartic acid, asparagine and corresponding de-amino analogs:         e) In the compound of the present invention of the formula (Ib)         wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of         glutamic acid, glutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs:         f) In the compound of the present invention of the formula (Ic)         wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of         homoglutamic acid, homoglutamine and corresponding de-amino         analogs:

Among the various Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) of the immune system, Dendritic Cells (DCs) constitute the most potent APCs and act as a bridge between the innate and the acquired arm of the immune system. This is largely attributed to the ability of DCs to take-up pico- to femtomoles of antigen and to stimulate primary naïve quiescent T cells, thereby initiating a primary immune response. DCs exist in various states of activation that translates into distinct functions. For example, DCs arising from the Bone Marrow (BM) are essentially immature DCs. These DCs exhibit low levels of T cell costimulatory molecules such as CD80, CD86, CD40 & CD54 and also low levels of surface MHC class I and class II molecules. Further, these DCs express a range of phagocytic, endocytic and scavenger receptors and owing to the above features are thus programmed for antigen capture and uptake. Upon contact with various inflammatory stimuli such as, TNF-□, bacterial endotoxins (e.g. LPS), CD40 ligand (CD40l), CpG containing bacterial DNA, double stranded viruses and certain (but not all) antigens, DCs undergo a process of maturation, wherein they now upregulate their surface levels of costimulatory molecules and MHC-peptide complexes (now exported to the cell surface following degradation and loading onto MHC trimers) and are thus programmed for antigen presentation and T lymphocyte stimulation. The transformation from the immature to the mature stage is a tightly regulated process often requiring T cell help. During maturation these DCs also secrete a range of cytokines such as TNF-□, IL-12, IFN-□ and low levels of IL-10. Owing to secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, DCs are thought to drive pro-inflammatory or Th1 responses and help in the clearance of the pathogen. Therefore, factors/molecules that increase the population of immature DCs in the immune system offer added advantage for the host's fight against infectious pathogens. In this context efforts have been focused on finding and generating ways to increase the DC numbers in the immune system. These have included the use of recombinant DCs or even pathogens that have been transformed to express Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF), the growth factor that is conventionally used to generate DCs in vitro.

A number of studies have identified pathogen and host products such as proteins that induce the maturation of different DC subsets. Owing to their fully mature status these DCs are more programmed for antigen presentation and T cell stimulation and have reduced capacity to capture antigens of pathogens. Immature DCs that are de novo differentiated from precursors offer better advantage than mature DCs because of their ability to scavenge pathogens followed by their uptake and processing and subsequent presentation to T lymphocytes. Our observation on the ability of ‘the molecule’ to induce differentiation of Dendritic Cells from mouse bone marrow leukocyte precursors, therefore, assumes paramount importance and is a significant step towards modulation of immune responses controlled by DCs. As the DCs differentiated by ‘the molecule’ are immature in nature and resemble very closely to the DCs differentiated by GM-CSF they will be efficient not only at antigen capture but also be effective T cell stimulators.

Among the many applications, the two most important ones would include the use of ‘the molecule’ in vaccine formulations or in protection based studies that would promote more efficient and faster presentation of the antigens to T cells thereby initiate primary protective Th1 immune responses and help in the clearance of the pathogen. Further, ‘the molecule’ offers a cheap alternative to GM-CSF for commercial purposes to generate DCs in vitro for research based studies.

Basically, immuno-supression is a common clinical feature in many infectious diseases. This immuno-supression cripples the ability of the immune systems to get rid of the infectious agents eventuating in the death of the host. It has been found that the host recovering from disease after chemotherapy shows a significant improvement of antigen-specific immune functions. Despite the urgency of the need, and immuno-potentiator which can be of human use remains awaited. The cumulative incidence of the diseases obviates the need for a drug(s) that restores the immune response of the affected individual to a normal level.

In response to any invasion by a pathogen, the complex multicellular organisms have evolved a defense mechanism to make their internal environment more hostile to invaders. All immune systems have one feature in common: they respond to infection by switching from a resting to an active state. The innate response limits the infection and activates Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs) to trigger adaptive immunity, which increases specificity and generates memory. Consequently, the immune responses that occur during an encounter with antigens-be it infectious agents or allergens are primarily characterized by the plasticity of their nature and magnitude. This feature provides an important advantage that permits the immune system to tailor its defense strategy to particular groups of antigens. Interactions between APCs such as Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages and the different subsets of T cells (CD4⁺ and CD8⁺) in the T cell rich areas of the lymph nodes and spleen, amplify the consequent immune responses. Following this interaction, T helper (Th) cell precursors then differentiate into effectors. that secrete either pro-inflammatory or suppressor/regulatory cytokines such as Interferon (IFN)-0 Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-□, and Interleukin (IL)-1, or IL-4, IL-10 and Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-□, respectively.

Among the most potent of the APCs are the macrophages and different subsets of DCs, that together virtually regulate the antigen capture and presentation of the innate arm of the immune system. DCs are professional APCs that are continuously produced by the stem cells in the hematopoeitic tissues. DCs exist at various states of activation that are primarily classified as immature (iDCs) and mature (mDCs). iDCs are programmed for antigen capture, which upon contact with various stimuli, such as bacterial products, CD40 ligand, (TNF)-□, and certain antigens undergo a process of maturation wherein they now become programmed for antigen presentation and T-cell stimulation. Consequently, agents that promote the maturation of iDCs play a vital role in shaping the early immune responses elicited during an infection. Along with macrophages, that constitute the all important phagocytic component of the innate immune system DCs activate the effector cells such as the various subsets of T-cells, Natural Killer (NK) cells and NK-T cells by secreting a profile of cytokines that would eventually prime these effector cells to carryout their functions. These range from stimulating the adaptive arm of the immune system for the generation of antibody mediated responses, to stimulation of the cytotoxic activity by the CD8⁺ T-cells against the infected cells/tissues. The invention may provide a novel compound that will be useful in vaccination, cancer therapy and other immunomodulatory regiments.

The preferable specific compounds of the formulae (Ia), (Ib) and (Ic) are the derivatives of aspartic acid, asparagine and corresponding de-amino analogs (Table 1), glutamic acid, glutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs (Table 2) and homoglutamic acid, homoglutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs (Table 3) and non toxic salts thereof and example compounds.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

FIG. 1, or Plate A represents surface level of CD 80.

FIG. 2, or Plate B, represents surface level of CD 54.

FIG. 3, or Plate C, represents surface level of CD 11c.

FIG. 4, or Plate D, represents surface level of CD H-2D (MHC class 1).

FIG. 5—Effect of compound as given in example 3 on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation from haemopoietic precursors of monocytes/macrophage lineage. Mice osteoclast precursors were incubated in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL in the absence and presence of the compound. Photomicrographs showing TRAP-positive osteoclasts in the absence (FIG. 5A) and presence (FIG. 5B) of the compound. This compound significantly inhibited osteoclast formation.

FIG. 6—Effect of compound as described in example 4 on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation from haemopoietic precursors of monocytes/macrophage lineage. Photomicrographs showing TRAP-positive osteoclasts induced by M-CSF and RANKL in the absence (FIG. 6A) and presence (FIG. 6B) of compound. This compound showed no inhibitory effect on osteoclast differentiation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING PLATES

Plate 1. Compound 1 Induces Differentiation of Dendritic Cells from BALB/c Mouse Bone Marrow

Enriched leukocyte precursors from 4 to 6 weeks old mice were stimulated with varying concentrations of compound as given in example-3 for 48 h. Cells were stained for the surface levels of indicated markers. Plates A-D represent surface levels of CD80, CD54, CD11c and H-2D (MHC class I), respectively. Results obtained with Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) are also shown for comparison. Panels a to d in each Plate shows the surface levels of indicated markers on cells stimulated with 15 ng/ml of GM-CSF, 10 μg/ml, 5 μg/ml and 1 μg/ml of compound 1, respectively. The Green line represents staining of stimulated cells while the black line depicts staining of unstimulated cells.

Differentiation of Dendritic Cells

The fine suspension obtained above was transferred into a 50 ml sterile centrifuge tube and centrifuged for 10 minutes at 1200 rpm. After removing the supernatant, RBC lysis buffer was added, mixed thoroughly and incubated for 3-5 minutes at room temperature. The pellets were washed using HBSS wash buffer and then centrifuged again for 10 minutes at 1200 rpm. This process was repeated for one more time. The pellet was dissolved in 2 ml HBSS and passed through a pre-separation filter (Miltenyi Biotech # 130-041-407) to remove unwanted tissue etc. Microbeads (I-A, CD45R and CD90) were added to this clear solution and incubated for one hour at 4° C. with shaking to eliminate other lymphocytes and macrophages and MHC positive cells. This suspension was then finally passed through a MACS (Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting) column to get essentially and predominately leukocyte precursors. The cell pellet was suspended in complete medium (RPMI 1640, 10% Foetal Calf Serum, Sodium pyruvate (1 mM) and 2-Mercaptoethanol (50 mM). About 2.5-3×10⁶ leukocyte precursors were plated in each well of a 24 well culture plate in 1 ml culture volume. Cells were stimulated with either 15 ng per ml of Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF) or 50 micro gram per ml of the compound (neutralized with 1 M Tris HCl to achieve a pH of 7.0). The plate was incubated for 48 hours at 37° C. in a CO₂ incubator.

Evaluation of Cell Surface Marker Expression

In order to evaluate the upregulation of various cell surface markers associated with Dendritic cells, flow cytometry on the cells stimulated with GM-CSF or the compound was carried out using fluorescent labeled antibodies to various molecules (CD11c, I-A^(d), CD80, CD86, H2-D^(d), CD54, CD40).

List of Tables TABLE 1

Structure 1 1. L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NHSO₃H, R₂= R₃ = R₄ = H 2. L-Aspartic acid, 2β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₃ = R₄ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 3. L-Aspartic acid, 2β-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₃ = R₄ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 4. L-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₄ = H, R₃ = SO₃H 5. L-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₄ = H, R₃ = OSO₃H 6. L-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 7. L-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 8. 2α, 3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₂ = CH₂SO₃H 9. 2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₂ = CH₂OSO₃H 10. 1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 11. 1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 12. D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NHSO₃H, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H 13. 2β,3 -carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = H, R1 CH₂SO₃H 14. 2β,3 -carboxy, propane-1-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = H, R₁ = CH₂OSO₃H 15. 1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 16. 1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = H, R₁ = OSO₃H 17. D-aspartic acid, 2α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₃ = R₄ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 18. D-aspartic acid, 2α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₃ = R₄ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 19. D-Aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₄ = H, R₃ = SO₃H 20. D-Aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₄ = H, R₃ = OSO₃H 21. D-Aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 22. D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 23. L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₁ = NHSO₃H, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = H 24. 2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₂ = CH₂SO₃H 25. 2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₂ = CH₂OSO₃H 26. 1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 27. 1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate Z = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 28. L-asparagine, 2β-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₄ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 29. L-asparagine, 2β-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₄ = H, R₃ 32 OSO₃H 30. L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₄ = H, R₃ = SO₃H 31. L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₄ = H, R₃ = OSO₃H 32. L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 33. L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 34. D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ = NHSO₃H, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H 35. 2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₄ = H, R_(1 = CH) ₂SO₃H 36. 2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₄ = H, R_(1 = CH) ₂SO₃H 37. 1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid] Z = OH, R₂ to R₄ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 38. 1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate Z = OH, R₂ to R₄ = H, R₁ = OSO₃H 39. D-asparagine, 2α-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₃ = R₄ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 40. D-asparagine, 2α-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₃ = R₄ = H, R_(1 = OSO) ₃H 41. D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₄ = H, R₃ = SO₃H 42. D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₄ = H, R₃ = OSO₃H 43. D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 44. D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H

TABLE 2

Structure 2 1. L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NHSO₃H, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = R₅ = R₆ = H 2. 2α, 4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = CH₂SO₃H 3. 2α, 4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate Z = OH, R₁, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = CH₂OSO₃H 4. 1α, 3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 5. 1α, 3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate Z = OH, R₁, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 6. 1β, 3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate Z = OH, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₁ = OSO₃H 7. 1β, 3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 8. L-glutamic acid, 2β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 9. L-glutamic acid, 2β-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 10. L-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = H, R₄ to R₆ = H, R₃ = SO₃H 11. L-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = H, R₄ to R₆ = H, R₃ = OSO₃H 12. L-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₅ = R₆ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 13. L-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₅ = R₆ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 14. L-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = R₆ = H, R₅ = SO₃H 15. L-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = R₆ = H, R₅ = OSO₃H 16. L-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₅ = H, R₆ = SO₃H 17. L-glutamic acid, 413-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₅ = H, R₆ = OSO₃H 18. D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NHSO₃H, R₁, R₃ to R₆ = H 19. 2β, 4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₁ CH₂SO₃H 20. 2β, 4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₁ CH₂OSO₃H 21. D-glutamic acid, 2α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₃ to R₆ H, R₁ = SO₃H 22. D-glutamic acid, 2α-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₃ to R₆ H, R₁ = OSO₃H 23. D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁, R₄ to R₆ H, R₃ = SO₃H 24. D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁, R₄ to R₆ H, R₃ = OSO₃H 25. D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₅ = R₆ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 26. D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₅ = R₆ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 27. D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = R₆ = H, R₅ = SO₃H 28. D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = R₆ = H, R₅ = OSO₃H 29. D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = R₅ = H, R₆ = SO₃H 30. D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = R₅ = H, R₆ = OSO₃H 31. L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₁ = NHSO₃H, R₂ to R₆ = H 32. L-glutamine, 2β-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 33. L-glutamine, 2β-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 34. L-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = H, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₃ = SO₃H 35. L-glutamine, 3α-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = H, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₃ = OSO₃H 36. L-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₅ = R₆ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 37. L-glutamine, 3α-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₅ = R₆ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 38. L-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = R₆ = H, R₅ = SO₃H 39. L-glutamine, 4α-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = R₆ = H, R₅ = OSO₃H 40. L-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₅ = H, R₆ = SO₃H 41. L-glutamine, 4β-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₅ = H, R₆ = OSO₃H 42. 2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₁, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = CH₂SO₃H 43. 2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₁, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = CH₂OSO₃H 44. 1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₁, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 45. 1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₁, R₁, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 46. 1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₁ = OSO₃H 47. 1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 48. D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ = NHSO₃H; R₁ = H, R₃ to R₆ = H 49. 2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₁ = CH₂SO₃H 50. 2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₁ = CH₂OSO₃H 51. D-glutamine, 2α-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ = NH₂, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 52. D-glutamine, 2α-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₂ = NH₂, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₁ = OSO₃H 53. D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ = NH₂, R₁, R₄ to R₆ H, R₃ = SO₃H 54. D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁, R₄ to R₆ H, R₃ = OSO₃H 55. D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₅ = R₆ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 56. D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₅ = R₆ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 57. D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = R₆ = H, R₅ = SO₃H 58. D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = R₆ = H, R₅ = OSO₃H 59. D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = R₅ = H, R₆ = SO₃H 60. D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = R₅ = H, R₆ = OSO₃H

TABLE 3

structure 3 1. L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NHSO₃H, R₂ to R₈ = H 2. Pentane-2α, 5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = CH₂SO₃H 3. Pentane-2α, 5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate Z = OH, R₁, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = CH₂OSO₃H 4. Butane-1α, 4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 5. Butane-1α, 4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate Z = OH, R₁, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 6. L-homoglutamic acid, 2β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 7. L-homoglutamic acid, 2β-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 8. L-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = H, R₄ to R₈ H, R₃ = SO₃H 9. L-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = H, R₄ to R₈ H, R₃ = OSO₃H 10. L-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = H, R₅ to R₈ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 11. L-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = H, R₅ to R₈ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 12. L-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₆ to R₈ = H, R₅ = SO₃H 13. L-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₆ to R₈ = H, R₅ = OSO₃H 14. L-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₅ = H, R₇ = R₈ = H, R₆ = SO₃H 15. L-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₅ = H, R₇ = R₈ = H, R₆ = OSO₃H 16. L-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₈ = H, R₇ = SO₃H 17. L-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₈ = H, R₇ = OSO₃H 18. L-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₇ = H, R₈ = SO₃H 19. L-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate Z = OH, R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₇ = H, R₈ = OSO₃H 20. D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NHSO₃H, R₁, R₃ to R₈ = H 21. Pentane-2β, 5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ to R₈ = H, R₁ = CH₂SO₃H 22. Pentane-2β, 5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ to R₈ = H, R₁ = CH₂OSO₃H 23. Butane-1β, 4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ to R₈ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 24. Butane-1β, 4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ to R₈ = H, R₁ = OSO₃H 25. D-homoglutamic acid, 2α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 26. D-homoglutamic acid, 2α-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₁ = OSO₃H 27. D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁, R₄ to R₈ H, R₃ = SO₃H 28. D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁, R₄ to R₈ H, R₃ = OSO₃H 29. D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = H, R₅ to R₈ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 30. D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = H, R₅ to R₈ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 31. D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₆ to R₈ = H, R₅ = SO₃H 32. D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₆ to R₈ = H, R₅ = OSO₃H 33. D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₃ to R₅ = H, R₇ = R₈ = H, R₆ = SO₃H 34. D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₃ to R₅ = H, R₇ = R₈ = H, R₆ = OSO₃H 35. D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₈ = H, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₇ = SO₃H 36. D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₈ = H, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₇ = OSO₃H 37. D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₃ to R₇ = H, R₈ = SO₃H 38. D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate Z = OH, R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₃ to R₇ = H, R₈ = OSO₃H 39. L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₁ = NHSO₃H, R₂ to R₈ = H 40. Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₁ and R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = CH₂SO₃H 41. Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₁ and R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = CH₂OSO₃H 42. Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₁ and R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 43. Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₁ and R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 44. L-homoglutamine, 2β-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = SO₃H 45. L-homoglutamine, 2β-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₃ to R₈ = H, R₂ = OSO₃H 46. L-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = H, R₄ to R₈ = H, R₃ = SO₃H 47. L-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = H, R₄ to R₈ = H, R₃ = OSO₃H 48. L-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = H, R₅ to R₈ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 49. L-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = H, R₅ to R₈ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 50. L-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₆ to R₈ = H, R₅ = SO₃H 51. L-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₆ to R₈ = H, R₅ = OSO₃H 52. L-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₅ = H, R₇ = R₈ = H, R₆ = SO₃H 53. L-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ = R₅ = H, R₇ = R₈ = H, R₆ = OSO₃H 54. L-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₈ = H, R₇ = SO₃H 55. L-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₆ = H, R₈ = H, R₇ = OSO₃H 56. L-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₇ = H, R₈ = SO₃H 57. L-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate Z = R₁ = NH₂, R₂ to R₇ = H, R₈ = OSO₃H 58. D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ = NHSO₃H, R₁ and R₃ to R₈ = H 59. Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₈ = H, R₁ = CH₂SO₃H 60. Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₈ = H, R₁ = CH₂OSO₃H 61. Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₈ = H, R₁ = SO₃H 62. Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate Z = NH₂, R₂ to R₈ = H, R₁ = OSO₃H 63. D-homoglutamine, 2α-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₃ to R₈ H, R₁ = SO₃H 64. D-homoglutamine, 2α-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₃ to R₈ H, R₁ = OSO₃H 65. D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁, R₄ to R₈ H, R₃ = SO₃H 66. D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁, R₄ to R₈ H, R₃ = OSO₃H 67. D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = H, R₅ to R₈ = H, R₄ = SO₃H 68. D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = H, R₅ to R₈ = H, R₄ = OSO₃H 69. D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₆ to R₈ = H, R₅ = SO₃H 70. D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₃ = R₄ = H, R₆ to R₈ = H, R₅ = OSO₃H 71. D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₃ to R₅ = H, R₇ = R₈ = H, R₆ = SO₃H 72. D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₃ to R₅ = H, R₇ = R₈ = H, R₆ = OSO₃H 73. D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₈ = H, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₇ = SO₃H 74. D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = R₈ = H, R₃ to R₆ = H, R₇ = OSO₃H 75. D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₃ to R₇ = H, R₈ = SO₃H 76. D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate Z = R₂ = NH₂, R₁ = H, R₃ to R₇ = H, R₈ = OSO₃H

EXAMPLES

The following reference example and examples illustrate the present invention but do not limit the present invention.

The solvents in the parenthesis show the developing and eluting solvents and the ratios of the solvent used are by volume in the chromatographic separation or TLC.

The solvents in the parenthesis in NMR show the solvents used in measurement.

Reference Example 1 L-glutamyl, N-sulfonic Acid from Glutamic Acid Mono Tertiary Butyl Ester

Glutamic acid monotertiary butyl ester (1 eq.) was added portion-wise to a solution of SO₂Cl₂ (2 eq.) in dry CH₂Cl₂ at 0° C. followed by Et₃N (3 eq.). Resulting solution stirred for 8 hrs at r.t. when TLC showed complete consumption of starting material. Solvent was evaporated and the crude was dried in vacuum. 3 ml water was added to it and the slurry was stirred for 1 hr. To the slurry was added 45 ml CH₂Cl₂ followed by 3 eq of TFA at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred at r.t. for 24 hrs. The solvent was evaporated and dried in vacuum. The pseudo molecular ion, [M−H]⁻ at 226.0049 confirmed the structure of the product L-glutamyl, N-sulfonic acid (calculated for C5H8NO7S; 226.0026).

Reference Example 2 L-glutamyl, N-sulfonic Acid from Glutamic Acid Di Tertiary Butyl Ester

Glutamic acid ditertiary butyl ester (1 eq.) was added portion-wise to a solution of SO₂Cl₂ (2 eq.) in dry CH₂Cl₂ at 0° C. followed by Et₃N (3 eq.). Resulting solution stirred for 8 hrs at r.t. when TLC showed complete consumption of starting material. Solvent was evaporated and the crude was dried in vacuum. 3 ml water was added to it and the slurry was stirred for 1 hr. To the slurry was added 45 ml CH₂Cl₂ followed by 3 eq of TFA at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred at r.t. for 24 hrs. The solvent was evaporated and dried in vacuum. The pseudo molecular ion, [M−H]⁻ at 226.0049 confirmed the structure of the product L-glutamyl, N-sulfonic acid (calculated for C5H8NO7S; 226.0026).

Reference Example 3 L-Aspartyl, N-sulfonic Acid from L-aspartic Acid Di Tertiary Butyl Ester

L-aspartic acid di tertiary butyl ester (1 eq.) was added portion-wise to a solution of SO₂Cl₂ (2 eq.) in dry CH₂Cl₂ at 0° C. followed by Et₃N (3 eq.). Resulting solution stirred for 8 hrs at r.t. when TLC showed complete consumption of starting material. Solvent was evaporated and the crude was dried in vacuum. 3 ml water was added to it and the slurry was stirred for 1 hr. To the slurry was added 45 ml CH₂Cl₂ followed by 3 eq of TFA at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred at r.t. for 24 hrs. The solvent was evaporated and dried in vacuum. The pseudo molecular ion, [M−H]⁻ at 211.9885 confirmed the structure of the product L-aspartyl, N-sulfonic acid (calculated for C4H6NO7S; 211.9870).

Reference Example 4 L-Homoglutamyl, N-sulfonic Acid from L-Homoglutamic Acid Di Tertiary Butyl Ester

L-Homoglutamic acid di tertiary butyl ester (1 eq.) was added portion-wise to a solution of SO₂Cl₂ (2 eq.) in dry CH₂Cl₂ at 0° C. followed by Et₃N (3 eq.). Resulting solution stirred for 8 hrs at r.t. when TLC showed complete consumption of starting material. Solvent was evaporated and the crude was dried in vacuum. 3 ml water was added to it and the slurry was stirred for 1 hr. To the slurry was added 45 ml CH₂Cl₂ followed by 3 eq of TFA at 0° C. The resulting solution was stirred at r.t. for 24 hrs. The solvent was evaporated and dried in vacuum. The pseudo molecular ion, [M−H]⁻ at 240.0169 confirmed the structure of the product L-Homoglutamyl, N-sulfonic acid (calculated for C6H10NO7S; 240.0182).

Reference Example 5

The calcium salt of L-glutamyl-N-sulphonic acid was prepared by adding 1 M equivalent of CaCl₂ solution and incubated at temperature ranging from 30±5° C. The resulting complex was freeze-dried. The freeze-dried compound was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a dose-dependent manner for dendritic celll differentiation (Table A). TABLE A Stimulation of BM precursors with the synthetic compound differentiates cells with DC specific markers. Fold increase in Relative MFI over unstimulated control Surface markers Viability Group CD80 CD54 H-2D^(d) CD11c % of Viable cells GM-CSF 3.3 4.0 2.0 5.0 180 Compound 2.5 4.0 3.0 2.0 150

Table-A gives the fold increase in the levels of some of the molecules of cells stimulated with either 15 ng/ml of GM-CSF or 50 micro gram per ml of the synthetic compound at 48 h of incubation over unstimulated controls. The viability of the cultures was more then 99% at the end of the incubation period at this concentration of the synthetic compound.

The data suggests that ‘the compound’ induces the differentiation of DCs from BM precursors.

Reference Example 6

The L-glutamyl-N-sulphonic acid prepared as described in Examples 1 & 2 was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a dose-dependent manner for dendritic cell differentiation (Table B).

Reference Example 7

The calcium salt of L-glutamic acid was prepared by adding 1 M equivalent of CaCl₂ solution and incubated at temperature ranging from 30±5° C. The resulting complex was freeze-dried. The freeze-dried compound was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a dose-dependent manner for dendritic cell differentiation (Table B).

Reference Example 8

The L-glutamic acid was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a ose-dependent manner for dendritic cell differentiation (Table B). TABLE B Stimulation of BM precursors with the synthetic compound differentiates cells with DC specific markers Fold increase in Relative MFI over unstimulated control Surface markers Viability Group CD80 CD54 H-2D^(d) CD11c % of Viable cells GM-CSF 3.3 4.0 2.0 5.0 180 Example 6 1.5 2.0 1.2 1.0 115 Example 7 1.0 1.0 N.D. 1.0 90 Example 8 1.0 0.9 N.D. 1.1 95

Reference Example 9

Isolation of Bone Marrow

For each set of experiment a group of 4 BALB/c mice were sacrificed by transferring the animals in a chloroform chamber. The hind limbs of the mouse were removed carefully and placed in a Petri dish with HBSS (Hanks Balanced Saline Solution) wash buffer. The tibias and femurs were cleared of all surrounding and attached tissues. This was followed by chipping the ends of bones. The bone marrow was flushed out by injecting HBSS solution into the bone with the help of a hypodermal syringe (No. 26 gauge). The bone marrow was finally made into a fine suspension by syringing in and out of the fluid several times using an 18 gauge syringe needle.

Reference Example 10

The calcium salt of L-glutamyl-N-sulphonic acid was prepared by adding 1 M equivalent of CaCl₂ solution and incubated at temperature ranging from 30+5° C. The resulting complex was freeze-dried. The freeze-dried compound was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a dose-dependent manner for inhibition of osteoclast differentiation (Table A). TABLE A Effect of compound 1 (L-glutamyl-N-sulphonic acid, Ca salt) on osteoclast formation Number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells/well Culture of 96 well plate conditions (Mean ± SEM) % inhibition M-CSF 0 — M-CSF + RANKL 138.00 ± 9.37 — M-CSF + RANKL + 109.67 ± 9.79 21.01 compound 1 (0.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL +  52.17 ± 6.42 62.19 compound 1 (1.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL +  14.67 ± 1.98 89.36 compound 1 (3.0 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL +  2.83 ± 1.05 97.94 compound 1 (5.0 μg/ml)

Culture of murine bone marrow cells in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL induces the formation of osteoclasts, which were detected as TRAP-positive cells. A dose dependent inhibition in the number of osteoclast cells generated as observed with increasing dose of compound 1. Values given are the mean±SD of five separate experiments.

Reference Example 11

The calcium salt of L-glutamic acid was prepared by adding 1 M equivalent of CaCl₂ solution and incubated at temperature ranging from 30±5° C. The resulting complex was freeze-dried. The freeze-dried compound was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a dose-dependent manner for inhibition of osteoclast differentiation (Table B). TABLE B Effect of L-glutamic acid, calcium salt on osteoclast formation Number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells/well of 96 well Culture plate conditions (Mean ± SEM) % inhibition M-CSF 0 — M-CSF + RANKL 158.33 ± 12.00 — M-CSF + RANKL + 167.17 ± 7.95  0 compound 2 (0.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 152.83 ± 10.47 3.47 compound 2 (1.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 130.50 ± 13.57 17.37 compound 2 (3.0 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 119.50 ± 10.00 24.52 compound 2 (5.0 μg/ml)

For detail see legend to example 5.

Reference Example 12

The L-glutamyl-N-sulphonic acid prepared as described in Examples 1 & 2 was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a dose-dependent manner for inhibition of osteoclast differentiation (Table D). TABLE-D Effect of L-glutamyl-N-sulphonic acid on osteoclast formation Number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells/well of 96 well Culture plate conditions (Mean ± SEM) % inhibition M-CSF 0 — M-CSF + RANKL  146.83 ± 11.89 — M-CSF + RANKL + 154.67 ± 8.43 0 compound 3 (0.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 150.33 ± 8.82 0 compound 3 (1.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 112.67 ± 8.63 23.23 compound 3 (3.0 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 110.00 ± 6.72 25.08 compound 3 (5.0 μg/ml)

For detail see legend to example 5.

Reference Example 13

The L-glutamic acid was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a dose dependent manner for inhibition of osteoclast differentiation (Table E). TABLE E Effect of L-glutamic acid on osteoclast formation Number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells/well of 96 well Culture plate conditions (Mean ± SEM) % inhibition M-CSF 0 — M-CSF + RANKL 156.00 ± 12.26 0 M-CSF + RANKL + 173.33 ± 6.50  0 compound 4 (0.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 155.00 ± 8.23  0.64 compound 4 (1.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 145.83 ± 14.71 7.05 compound 4 (3.0 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 112.67 ± 10.74 27.77 compound 4 (5.0 μg/ml)

For detail see legend to example 5.

Reference Example 14

The L-Aspartic acid, N-sulphonic acid as prepared in example 3 was mixed with 1 M equivalent of CaCl₂ solution and incubated at temperature ranging from 30±5° C. The resulting complex was freeze-dried. The freeze-dried compound was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a dose-dependent manner for inhibition of osteoclast differentiation (Table F). TABLE F Effect of L-Aspartic acid, N-sulphonic acid calcium salt on osteoclast formation Number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells/well of 96 well Culture plate conditions (Mean ± SEM) % inhibition M-CSF 0 — M-CSF + RANKL 158.33 ± 11.26 0 M-CSF + RANKL + 127.30 ± 5.50  19.70 compound 4 (0.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 86.23 ± 7.23 45.16 compound 4 (1.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 44.50 ± 4.80 71.90 compound 4 (3.0 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 26.67 ± 0.73 83.26 compound 4 (5.0 μg/ml)

For detail see legend to example 5.

Reference Example 15

L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulphonic acid as prepared in example 4 was mixed with 1 M 5 equivalent of CaCl₂ solution and incubated at temperature ranging from 30±5° C. The resulting complex was freeze-dried. The freeze-dried compound was reconstituted in sterilized distilled water and assessed in a dose-dependent manner for inhibition of osteoclast differentiation (Table G). TABLE G Effect of L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulphonic acid, calcium salt on osteoclast formation Number of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells/well of 96 well Culture plate conditions (Mean ± SEM) % inhibition M-CSF 0 — M-CSF + RANKL 146..83 ± 12.00  — M-CSF + RANKL + 138.57 ± 7.95  5.55 compound 2 (0.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL + 106.23 ± 10.47 27.60 compound 2 (1.5 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL +  78.57 ± 13.57 46.40 compound 2 (3.0 μg/ml) M-CSF + RANKL +  46.22 ± 10.00 68.50 compound 2 (5.0 μg/ml)

For detail see legend to example 5.

Reference Example 16

A. In Vitro Osteoclastogenesis Assay

For in vitro osteoclastogenesis bone marrow cells were isolated from 5- to 8-wk-old Balb/c mice. Mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and femora and tibiae were aseptically removed and dissected free of adherent soft tissues. The bone ends were cut, and the marrow cavity was flushed out with medium MEM from one end of the bone using a sterile 21-gauge needle. The bone marrow suspension was carefully agitated with a plastic Pasteur pipette to obtain a single-cell suspension. The cells were washed twice and resuspended (10⁶ cells/ml) in αMEM containing 10% FBS. Stromal cell-free, M-CSF-dependent, osteoclast precursor cells were prepared from these cells as previously described (Wani et al. 1999). Briefly, bone marrow cells were incubated for 24 h in αMEM containing 10% FBS in the presence of M-CSF (10 ng/ml) at a density of 3×10⁵ cells/ml in a 75 cm² flask. After 24 h, nonadherent cells were harvested and layered on a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient. Cells at the gradient interface were collected, washed and resuspended (5×10⁵/ml) in αMEM containing 10% FBS. In this study, we called these stromal cell-free, M-CSF-dependent, nonadherent cells as osteoclast precursors. These osteoclast precursors were added to 96-well plates (100 μl/well) containing plastic coverslips. Each well received further 100 μl of medium containing M-CSF (30 ng/ml), RANKL (30 ng/ml) without or with various concentrations of purified compound. Cultures were fed every 2-3 days and after incubation for 6 days osteoclast formation was evaluated by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. The number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells (MNCs) containing 3 or more nuclei was scored.

Characterization of Osteoclasts by TRAP Staining

Osteoclast formation was evaluated by quantification of TRAP-positive MNCs as described previously (Khapli et al. 2003). TRAP is preferentially expressed at high levels in osteoclast and is considered, especially in the mouse, to be an osteoclast marker. Cytochemical staining for TRAP is widely used for identifying the osteoclasts in vivo and in vitro. It is claimed to be specific for osteoclasts in bone. After incubation, cells on cover slips were washed in PBS, fixed in 10% formalin for 10 min and stained for acid phosphatase in the presence of 0.05 M sodium tartrate. The substrate used was napthol AS-BI phosphate. Only those cells that were strongly TRAP-positive (dark red) counted by light microscopy.

In Vitro Bone Resorption Assay

Osteoclast has the ability to excavate authentic resorption lacunae in vivo and in vitro. Bone resorption is the unique function of the osteoclast and is therefore the most useful means of distinguishing it from other cell types. M-CSF-dependent, non-adherent bone marrow cells were incubated for 10 days on bovine cortical bone slices in the presence of M-CSF, RANKL with or without various concentrations of compounds. Bone slices were examined for resorption pits by reflected light microscopy as previously described (Wani et al. 1999). 

1. A compound of general formula Z-OC(C R_(n1)R_(n2))—CO-Z wherein Z=OH or NH₂ and n1=n2=1 to
 8. 2. A compound as claimed in claim 1 having a structure as shown below and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₄ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H


3. A compound as claimed in claim 1 having a structure as shown below and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁ to R₆ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H


4. A compound as claimed in claim 1 having a structure as shown below and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁ to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H


5. A Compound as claimed in claim 2, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of: I [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], II [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], III [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IV [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], V [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], VI [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], VII [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], VIII [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IX [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], X [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], XI [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], XII [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], XIII [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], XIV [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], XV [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XVI [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XVII [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVIII [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XIX [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XX [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXI [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXII [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXIII [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, XXIV [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XXV [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XXVI [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XXVII [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XXVIII [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XXIX [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXX [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXXI [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXXII [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate], XXXIII [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXXIV [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXXV [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], XXXVI [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], XXXVII [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], XXXVIII [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], XXXIX [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid],
 6. A Compound as claimed in claim 3, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of: I. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], II. 2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], IV. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], V. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], VI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], VII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], VIII. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], IX. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], X. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], XII. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIII. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XIV. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XV. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XVI. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVIII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XIX. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XX. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XXII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXVI. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], XVIII. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXX. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXXI. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXIII. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXIV. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXXV. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XVIII. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate],
 7. A Compound as claimed in claim 4, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of I. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], II. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], III. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], IV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], V. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], XIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XVI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XVII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIX. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XX. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].
 8. Novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH as claimed in claim 2, wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₄ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H I. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; II. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; III. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; V. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; X. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined.
 9. Novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH as claimed in claim 3, wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₆ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H I. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; II. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; III. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; V. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; X. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined.
 10. Novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH as claimed in claim 4, wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H I. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=P4=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; II. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=—CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; III. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; V. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; X. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₇=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₇=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₈=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₈=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=&=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XL. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₇=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XLI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₇=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XLII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₈=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XLIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₈=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;
 11. A Compound as claimed in claim 5, wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of: XL. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], XLI. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XLII. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], XLIII. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], XLIV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], XLV. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XLVI. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XLVII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], XLVIII. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], XLIX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], L. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], LI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], LII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], LIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], LIV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], LV. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], LVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], LVII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], LVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], LIX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], LX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], LXI. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], LXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, LXIII. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], LXIV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], LXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], LXVI. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], LXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], LXVIII. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], LXLX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], LXX. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], LXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate], LXXII. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], LXXIII. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], LXXIV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], LXXV. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], LXXVI. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], LXXVII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], LXXVIII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid],
 12. A Compound as claimed in claim 6, wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of: I. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], II. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], IV. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], V. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], VI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], VII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], VIII. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], IX. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], X. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], XII. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIII. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XIV. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XV. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XVI. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVIII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XIX. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XX. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XXII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXVI. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], XXVIII. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXX. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXXI. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXXIII. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXIV. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXXV. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXXVI. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXVII. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXXVIII. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate],
 13. A Compound as claimed in claim 7, wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of: I. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], II. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], III. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], IV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], V. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], XIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XVI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XVII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIX. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XX. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].
 14. A compound as claimed in claim 11, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of aspartic acid, asparagine and corresponding de-amino analogs: I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], V. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate],
 15. A compound as claimed in claim 12, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of glutamic acid, glutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs: I. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], II. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], IV. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], V. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], VI. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], VII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], VIII. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], IX. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], X. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], XIII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], XIV. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], XV. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], XVI. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], XVII. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], XVIII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], XIX. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XX. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XXII. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XXIV. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XXV. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXVIII. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XXIX. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXX. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXXI. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXXIII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXXIV. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], XXXV. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXXVI. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXXVII. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXVIII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXIX. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XL. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XLI. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate],
 16. A compound as claimed in claim 13, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of homoglutamic acid, homoglutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs: I. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], II. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], III. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], IV. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], V. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], XIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], XIV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], XV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], XVI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], XVII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], XVIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIX. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XX. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XXIV. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXV. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], XXXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXXV. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], XVII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].
 17. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein incubation of BM leukocyte precursors with different concentrations of the synthetic compound increases the cell surface densities of CD11c, CD80, CD54 and CD11c to various levels with maximum up regulation at 200 mM.
 18. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein it gives the fold increase in the levels of molecules of cells stimulated with either 15 ng/ml of GM-CSF or 200 mM of the synthetic compound at 48 h of incubation.
 19. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein the viability of the cultures is more than 99% at the end of the incubation period at this concentration of the synthetic compound.
 20. A compound as claimed in claim 1, useful to induce differentiation of dendritic cells and modulation of immune response controlled by dendritic cell.
 21. A compound as claimed in claim 1, useful in vaccine formulation to prevent more efficient and faster presentation of antigens to T-cells thereby initiate primary protective Th1 immune response and help in the clearance of the pathogen.
 22. A process for preparing the compounds having general formula Z-OC(CR_(n1)R_(n2))—CO-Z wherein Z=OH or NH₂ and n1=n2=1 to 8 said process comprising the steps of: a) reacting tertiary butyl ester of di carboxylic acid and its derivatives having carbon 1 to 10 with thionyl chloride and triethyl amine in presence of low boiling halogenated solvent at a temperature in the range of 10 to 35° C. b) stirring the solution of step (a) unless thin layer chromatography (TLC) shows complete consumption of starting material. c) evaporating the solvent and obtaining crude product. d) drying the crude and adding water to the same to obtain a slurry. e) stirring the slurry for a time period in the range of 0.5 to 3 hr, f) adding CH₂Cl₂ and TFA to the solution and stirring the solution for about 24 hrs g) evaporating the solvent and drying in vacuum to obtain the desired product.
 24. A process as claimed in claim 22, wherein tertiary butyl ether is either mono butyl ether or di-butyl ether.
 25. A process as claimed in claim 22, wherein low boiling halogenated solvent used is dichlormethane
 26. A process as claimed in claim 22 wherein in step (a), dichloromethane used is free from water.
 27. A process as claimed in claim 22 wherein in step (b), stirring is carried out for a period in the range of 5 to 10 hours.
 28. A process as claimed in claim 22 wherein in step (d), dimethylchloride is used in the range of 3 to 10 equivalent.
 29. A Pharmaceutical composition comprising the effective amount of a compound selected from the general formula Z-OC(CR_(n1)R_(n2))—CO-Z wherein Z=OH or NH₂ and n1=n2=1 to 8 along with an additive, excipient, diluents or carrier.
 30. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound useful in vaccine formulation to prevent more efficient and faster presentation of antigens to T-cells thereby initiate primary protective Th1 immune response and help in the clearance of the pathogen.
 31. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound having a structure as herein and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₄ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H


32. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound having a structure as herein and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁ to R₆ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H


33. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound having structure as herein and bearing general formula ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁ to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H


34. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound in non-toxic to monocytes.
 35. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound in non-toxic to macrophages.
 36. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein additives are different divalent metal cations such as Mg, Ca and Zn.
 37. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein additives are amino acid/dicarboxylic acid derivatives and their pharmaceutically acceptable selected alkali/alkaline earth metal salts.
 38. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of: I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], V. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid]; VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate], XXXIII. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXXIV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXXV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], XXXVI. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], XXXVII. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], XXXVIII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], XXXIX. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid],
 39. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of: I. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], II. 2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], IV. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], V. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], VI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], VII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], VIII. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], IX. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], X. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], XII. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIII. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XIV. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XV. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XVI. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVIII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XIX. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XX. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XXII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXVI. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], XXVIII. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXX. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXXI. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXXIII. [Butane-1 α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXIV. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXXV. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXXVI. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXVII. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXXVIII. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXIX. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate],
 40. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of I. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], II. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], III. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], IV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], V. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], XIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XVI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XVII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIX. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XX. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].
 41. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₄ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H I. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; II. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; III. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; V. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; X. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined.
 42. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₆ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H I. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; II. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; III. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; V. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; X. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=&=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined.
 43. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein novel sulfonic acid/sulfate derivatives of the formulae ZOC—CR₇R₈—CR₅R₆—CR₃R₄—CR₁R₂—COOH, wherein: Z=OH or NH₂, R₁, to R₈ denotes H, NH₂, SO₃H, or OSO₃H, CH₂—SO₃H, CH₂—OSO₃H, NHSO₃H I. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; II. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=—CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; III. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; V. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; VIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; IX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; X. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₇=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₄=R₃=&=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₇=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₈=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=OH, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₈=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=CH₂OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=&=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₂=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₁=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NHSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=CH₂SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₃=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXV. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₄=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXVI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXVII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₇=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₅=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXVIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₃=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XXXIX. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₁=H, R₂=NH₂, R₆=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XL. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₇=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XLI. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₄=R₃=R₆=R₅=R₈=H, R₂=NH₂, R₇=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XLII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₈=SO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined; XLIII. A compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein Z=NH₂, R₁=R₃=R₅=R₄=R₇=R₆=H, R₂=NH₂, R₈=OSO₃H is the same meaning as is before defined;
 44. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of: I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], V. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate], XXXIII. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXXIV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXXV. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], XXXVI. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], XXXVII. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], XXVIII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], XXXIX. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid],
 45. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of: I. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], II. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], IV. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], V. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], VI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], VII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], VIII. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], IX. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], X. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], XII. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIII. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XIV. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XV. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XVI. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVIII. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XIX. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XX. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XXII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXV. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXVI. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], XVIII. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXX. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXXI. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXIII. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXIV. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XXXV. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XVIII. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate],
 45. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound is non-toxic salts selected from the group consisting of: I. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], II. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], III. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], IV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], V. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], XIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XV. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XVI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XVII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIX. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XX. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXV. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], XVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate].
 46. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of aspartic acid, asparagine and corresponding de-amino analogs: I. [L-Aspartic acid, N-Sulfonic acid], II. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2α,3-dicarboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IV. [1α,2-carboxy ethane sulfonic acid], V. [1 α,2-carboxy ethane sulfate], VI. [D-aspartic acid, N-sulfonic acid], VII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfonic acid], VIII. [2β,3-carboxy, propane-1-sulfate], IX. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfonic acid], X. [1β,2-carboxy ethane-1-sulfate], XI. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-aspartic acid, 3α-sulfate], XIII. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], XIV. [D-aspartic acid, 3β-sulfate], XV. [L-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XVI. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XVII. [2α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XVIII. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XIX. [1α-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XX. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXI. [L-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [L-asparagine, 3β-sulfate, XXIV. [D-asparagine, N-sulfonic acid], XXV. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [2β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XXVII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfonic acid], XXVIII. [1β-carboxy, 2-carboxamido, ethane sulfate], XXIX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXX. [D-asparagine, 3α-sulfate], XXXI. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [D-asparagine, 3β-sulfate],
 47. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of glutamic acid, glutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs: I. [L-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], II. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], III. [2α,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], IV. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], V. [1α,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], VI. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfate], VII. [1β,3-dicarboxy, propane sulfonic acid], VIII. [D-glutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], IX. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfonic acid], X. [2β,4-dicarboxy, butane-1-sulfate], XI. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], XII. [D-glutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], XIII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], XIV. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], XV. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], XVI. [D-glutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], XVII. [D-glutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], XVIII. [D-glutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], XIX. [L-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XX. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XXI. [2α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XXII. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XXIII. [1α-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XXIV. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfate], XXV. [1β-carboxy, 3-carboxamido, propane-1-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [D-glutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XXVII. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfonic acid], XVIII. [2β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido, butane-1-sulfate], XXIX. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXX. [D-glutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXXI. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [D-glutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXIII. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXIV. [D-glutamine, 4α-sulfate], XXXV. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [D-glutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXVII. [L-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], XVIII. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XXIX. [Pentane-2α,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], XL. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], XLI. [Butane-1α,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate],
 48. A composition as claimed in claim 29, wherein said compound is selected from the group consisting of homoglutamic acid, homoglutamine and corresponding de-amino analogs: I. [D-homoglutamic acid, N-sulfonic acid], II. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], III. [Pentane-2β,5-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], IV. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfonic acid], V. [Butane-1β,4-dicarboxy-1-sulfate], VI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfonic acid], VII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3α-sulfate], VIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfonic acid], IX. [D-homoglutamic acid, 3β-sulfate], X. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfonic acid], XI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4α-sulfate], XII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfonic acid], XIII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 4β-sulfate], XIV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], XV. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5α-sulfate], XVI. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfonic acid], XVII. [D-homoglutamic acid, 5β-sulfate], XVIII. [L-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XIX. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XX. [Pentane-2α-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXI. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXII. [Butane-1α-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXIII. [D-homoglutamine, N-sulfonic acid], XXIV. [Pentane-2β-carboxy, 5-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXV. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfonic acid], XXVI. [Butane-1β-carboxy, 4-carboxamido-1-sulfate], XXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfonic acid], XXVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 3α-sulfate], XXIX. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfonic acid], XXX. [D-homoglutamine, 3β-sulfate], XXXI. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfonic acid], XXXII. [D-homoglutamine, 4α-sulfate], XXXIII. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfonic acid], XXXIV. [D-homoglutamine, 4β-sulfate], XXXV. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfonic acid], XXXVI. [D-homoglutamine, 5α-sulfate], XXXVII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfonic acid] and XXXVIII. [D-homoglutamine, 5β-sulfate]. 